Repositori Institusi - UIN SJECH M. DJAMIL DJAMBEK BUKITTINGGI

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Analisis Persepsi Masyarakat Mengenai Fungsi Uang Perspektif Ekonomi Islam

2026•Hasil Penelitian dan Pengabdian

Mengungkap perspektif masyarakat Bukittinggi tentang fungsi uang dan menganalisisnya dari sudut pandanag ekonomi syariah

Community Perception Function of Money Islamic Economics

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ANALISIS FAKTOR - FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PRODUKTIVITAS TENAGA KERJA DAN PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI DI SUMATERA BARAT

NOVERA MARTILOVA, SE.,ME

2026•Hasil Penelitian dan Pengabdian

This study aimed to analyze the effect of (1) public investment education sector, the health sector and public investment on labor productivity IPM West Sumatra (2) labor productivity, shopping areas, infrastructure and income inequality on economic growth of West Sumatra. This type of research is descriptive and associative. While this type of data is data documentary, source of data is secondary data as well as data in the form of data panel with 19 districts / cities from 2017 - 2020. This study uses a simultaneous equation model analysis tool with Indirect methods Stages Least Squared (ILS). The study concluded that (1) public investment education sector, the health sector and public investment IPM significant effect on labor productivity in West Sumatra. With the meaning of words, if public investment and public investment education sector increased health sector and accompanied by HDI is the better it would be the better labor productivity in the area. (2) shopping areas, infrastructure and income inequality affects economic growth in West Sumatra significantly. That is, the increase in shopping areas, improved infrastructure and declining inequality of income then this condition will lead to an increase in the economic growth. Based on these results the policies suggested the government may need to increase budget allocations for education and health. Good quality education will give a good effect on the mindset and behavior patterns of people of West Sumatra. With the increase in budget for health, the public will have better access to services and to health.

Labor Productivity Economic Growth

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Determining The Price Of Agricultural Products In The Review Of Shariah Economic Law (Study Of The Village Cimpago Market In Pariaman)

DR. H. BUSTAMAR,S.AG.,MH

2026•Hasil Penelitian dan Pengabdian

Untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis  Penetapan Harga Jual Beli Hasil Pertanian Studi Kasus di Pasar Nagari Campago Kecamatan V Koto Kampung Dalam Kabupaten Padang Pariaman menurut perspektif Fiqih Muamalah

Keywords: Determining agricultur product economic Law

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Determining The Price Of Agricultural Products In The Review Of Shariah Economic Law (Study Of The Village Cimpago Market In Pariaman)

DR. H. BUSTAMAR,S.AG.,MH

2026•Hasil Penelitian dan Pengabdian

Untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis  Penetapan Harga Jual Beli Hasil Pertanian Studi Kasus di Pasar Nagari Campago Kecamatan V Koto Kampung Dalam Kabupaten Padang Pariaman menurut perspektif Fiqih Muamalah

Keywords: Determining agricultur product economic Law

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PRICING IN BUYING AND BUYING PLANT SEENDS IN SHARIAH ECONOMIC LAW (STUDY OF BUYING AND BUYING LIME SEEDLINGS IN NAGARI PADANG GANTING)

HENDRI, SHI, M.SI (hendri,888)

2026•Hasil Penelitian dan Pengabdian

This journal was written because of the difference in price fixing by lime seed sellers in Nagari Padang Ganting. Where there is a difference in pricing for buyers from within Padang Ganting and buyers outside Padang Ganting.

Price Determination Buying and Selling islamic economic law

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Kebertahanan Pasar Tradisional Sawah Lunto Menghadapi Pandemi Covid-19

Drs. ALIMIR, M.Pd.I

2026•Hasil Penelitian dan Pengabdian

Untuk mengetahui Kebertahanan Pasar Tradisional Sawah Lunto Menghadapi Pandemi Covid-19

Traditional Markets Economic Activity Pandemic Covid-19 Sawahlunto City

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THE ROLE OF ISLAMIC HIGHER EDUCATION IN IMPROVING SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT THROUGH ISLAMIC ENTREPRENEURIAL UNIVERSITY

ERA SONITA

2026•Hasil Penelitian dan Pengabdian

The high expectation for Islamic tertiary institutions as the vanguard of entrepreneurship requires a strong role from the leadership and management of Islamic universities through good governance and entrepreneurial orientation. Some of the roles that Islamic higher education institutions must play include research collaboration, interaction with industry, interaction with government and society, business incubation centers, training and others. This paper examines how Islamic Universities have attempted to reform the organizational structure and the impact of these changes on the changing role of universities in the development of a knowledge-based economy in the Indonesian state.

Economic Development Islamic Entrepreneurial University

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Analisis Pengaruh Inflasi dan Pengangguran terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi di Sumatera Barat

AMSAH HENDRI DONI,SE,ME

2026•Hasil Penelitian dan Pengabdian

<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Cambria","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:SimSun;mso-ansi-language: EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA">This study aims to determine and analyze how big the influence of inflation and unemployment on economic growth in West Sumatra.

Infaltion Unemployment Economic Growth

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Analisis Pengaruh Inflasi dan Pengangguran terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi di Sumatera Barat

AMSAH HENDRI DONI,SE,ME

2026•Hasil Penelitian dan Pengabdian

<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:"Cambria","serif"; mso-fareast-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-font-family:SimSun;mso-ansi-language: EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA">This study aims to determine and analyze how big the influence of inflation and unemployment on economic growth in West Sumatra.

Infaltion Unemployment Economic Growth

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Developing Need Analysis Instruments to Create Economics English Instructional Material Based on Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (TPACK)

Dr. WIDYA SYAFITRI, M.Pd

2026•Hasil Penelitian dan Pengabdian

This article aims at cultivating the need analysis instrument which consists of questionnaire and interview as a requirement to construct English instructional material for economics faculty students based on Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (TPACK). Researcher wishes to develop an appropriate instructional material for economics students since they have been in ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) and 4.0 eras that enable the students with knowledge of technology, pedagogy and content of economics at once. To achieve this goal, it requires the need analysis instrument to elicit information concern on the need about English material, technology used and also the way to learn the subject matter. This instrument was developed by adapting and modifying ESP and TPACK theory of Basturkmen issued in 2010 & 2018 and theory of Koehler & Mishra in 2009. This elaboration generates eleven indicators to be established; target situation analysis, discourse analysis, present situation analysis, learner factor analysis, teaching context analysis, Technological Knowledge (TK), Pedagogical Knowledge (PK), Content Knowledge (CK), Technological Pedagogical Knowledge (TPK), Technological Content Knowledge (TCK), Pedagogical Content Knowledge, and the last but not least is Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (TPACK). There are seventy statements for questionnaire and two questions for interview composed from the eleven indicators. The questionnaire statement and interview questions cover about the need of language skills, language components, and the subject matter of economics, the technology used and language pedagogy.

Need analysis ESP TPACK Economics English instructional material

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The Income of Business Snack Video Application on the Covid-19 Pandemic toward Islamic Economic Law Perspective in Bukittinggi

HENDRI, SHI, M.SI (hendri,888)

2026•Hasil Penelitian dan Pengabdian

Penelitian ini ada dua persoalan yang dikaji, pertama bagaimana praktek bisnis aplikasi Snack Video di masa pandemi Covid-19, kedua bagaimana sudut pandang hukum ekonomi Islam terhadap praktik dan penghasilan dari bisnis aplikasi Snack Video.

Snack Video Business Application Islamic Economic Law Covid-19

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Pengaruh Tingkat Pendidikan dan Tingkat Pengangguran Terhadap Tingkat Kemiskinan Dalam Perpektif Ekonomi Islam di Provinsi Sumatera Barat

OKTY SURYANI

2026•Skripsi, Thesis, Disertasi, dan Tugas Akhir

ABSTRAK Skripsi ini berjudul "Pengaruh Tingkat Pendidikan Dan Tingkat Pengangguran Terhadap Tingkat Kemiskinan Dalam Perspektif Ekonomi Islam Di Provinsi Sumatera Barat" yang disusun olch Okty Suryani, NIM 3222160, Jurusan Ekonomi Islam, Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Islam, Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Bukittinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh tingkat pendidikan dan tingkat pengangguran terhadap tingkat kemiskinan dalam perspektif ekonomi islam di Provinsi Sumatera Barat. Dalam ekonomi islam, pengentasan kemiskinan merupakan bagian dari upaya mewujudkan kesejahteraan (falah) melalui peningkatan kualitas sumber daya manusia, perluasan kesempatan kerja, dan penerapan prinsip maqashid syariah. Penelitian menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatan asosiatif kausal. Data yang digunakan berupa data panel sekunder tahun 2021-2025 pada 19 kabupaten/kota di Provinsi Sumatera Barat yang diperoleh dari Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS). Analisis dilakukan menggunakan regresi data panel dengan aplikasi EViews melalui uji Chow, uji Hausman, uji Lagrange Multiplier (LM), uji t, uji F, dan koefisien determinasi (R³). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat pendidikan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap tingkat kemiskinan dengan nilai t-hitung sebesar 2,386879, probabilitas 0,0260 (0,05), dan koefisien regresi 1,371274. Tingkat pengangguran juga berpengaruh signifikan terhadap tingkat kemiskinan dengan nilai t-hitung sebesar 2,631444, probabilitas 0,0152 (0,05), dan koefisien regresi 0,777249. Secara simultan, kedua variabel berpengaruh signifikan terhadap tingkat kemiskinan dengan nilai F-hitung sebesar 5,643148, Prob(F-statistic) sebesar 0,010513 (0,05), serta nilai R² sebesar 0,339067. Artinya, 33,91% variasi tingkat kemiskinan dapat dijelaskan oleh tingkat pendidikan dan tingkat pengangguran, sedangkan 66,09% dipengaruhi oleh faktor lain di luar model penelitian. Kata kunci: Tingkat Pendidikan, Tingkat Pengangguran, Tingkat Kemiskinan, Ekonomi Islam.

Education rate unemployment rate poverty rate islamic economic

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Analisis Pemikiran Ekonomi Mohammad Hatta tentang Riba dan Bunga Bank dalam Perspektif Ekonomi Syariah

FERDI PRAYOGA

2026•Skripsi, Thesis, Disertasi, dan Tugas Akhir

This thesis, entitled “Analysis of Mohammad Hatta’s Economic Thought on Usury (Riba) and Bank Interest from the Perspective of Islamic Economics,” examines the continuing debate over the legal and ethical status of bank interest in Islam. The study is motivated by the contrast between the majority view of contemporary Islamic scholars, who classify bank interest as riba, and Mohammad Hatta’s more contextual distinction between consumptive and productive interest. Its objectives are to analyze Hatta’s concept of riba and bank interest, identify the foundations of his economic reasoning, and evaluate the relevance of his economic reasoning to Islamic economics in Indonesia. This research employs a qualitative approach using historical and intellectual methods. Data were collected through library research on Hatta’s works, books, journal articles, and relevant studies on riba, interest, people’s economy, and Islamic economics. The analysis was strengthened by interviews with practitioners from banking institutions and cooperatives. Data were analyzed through reduction, presentation, interpretation, and conclusion drawing. The findings show that Hatta viewed riba as an exploitative practice that violates social justice and burdens weaker economic groups. He rejected consumptive interest because it oppresses borrowers, but considered productive interest acceptable when used for business, investment, and economic development without exploitation. From the perspective of Islamic economics, Hatta’s thought is relevant to the principles of justice, maslahah, anti-exploitation, and people-centered welfare. However, his acceptance of productive interest differs from the dominant Islamic legal view that prohibits all bank interest. The study concludes that Hatta’s thought emphasizes substantive justice and contextual economic benefits for society at the national level.

Mohammad Hatta riba bank interest Islamic economics people’s economy.

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Stategi Petani Dalam Meningkatkan Pendapatan Melalui Budidaya Ikan Karamba (Studi Kasus Nagari Bayua Kabupaten Agam)

NOVRI INDAH SUNDARI

2026•Skripsi, Thesis, Disertasi, dan Tugas Akhir

This study aims to examine the strategies of cage fish farmers in increasing income through cage fish farming in Nagari Bayua, Agam Regency, with a focus on challenges such as mass fish mortality due to extreme weather and water pollution in Lake Maninjau. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, this study collected primary data through in-depth interviews with key informants (cage farmers and community leaders) and direct observation at the cultivation sites, supplemented by secondary data from official documents. The results indicate that cage fish farming is the main source of livelihood for 276 farmers with a total of 3,711 cages, generating an average income of IDR 5-15 million per month per farmer. A SWOT analysis identified internal strengths such as local knowledge and access to natural resources, as well as weaknesses such as limited capital and weather dependence. External opportunities include government support and tourism potential, while the main threats are climate change and market competition. Recommended strategies include product diversification, simple technological innovation, and collaboration with stakeholders for risk mitigation, which are expected to increase income by 25-40% while supporting environmental sustainability. This study provides a basis for policies to develop sustainable fish farming in the lake's coastal areas.

Keywords: Fish Cage Cultivation Farmers' Income Lake Maninjau Nagari Bayua SWOT Analysis Community Welfare Climate Change Product Diversification Risk Mitigation Islamic Economics.

6 dilihat · 4 unduhanSitasi Detail

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Economics Students' Perception of the English for Economics Course

HUSNIL MUBARAQAH

2026•Skripsi, Thesis, Disertasi, dan Tugas Akhir

This study aimed to investigate students’ perceptions of the English for Economics course at the Faculty of Economics. The study was conducted in response to the issue of whether the course has effectively met students’ academic and professional needs as expected in an English for Specific Purposes (ESP) context. Therefore, this research addressed the problem of how students perceive the academic relevance, career relevance, and the development of their language skills after completing the course. This study employed a quantitative descriptive design. The population consisted of Islamic Economic students who had taken the English for Economics course, and total sampling technique was applied. Data were collected through a questionnaire. The validity of the instrument was tested using Aiken’s V based on expert judgment. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics in the form of percentages. The findings revealed that the course was perceived as academically relevant, with 79.8% of students selecting Agree and Strongly Agree, indicating that the course supports their academic learning needs. In terms of career preparation, 77.5% of students selected Agree and Strongly Agree, showing that the course is perceived as beneficial for their future professional development. Regarding language skills, speaking showed the highest perceived improvement 67.4%, followed by listening 65.1% and reading 64.0%, while writing showed the lowest perceived improvement 61.1%. These findings indicate that although improvement occurred across all skills, the development was not equally distributed. In conclusion, the English for Economics course is perceived as both academically and professionally relevant and contributes positively to students’ language development, particularly in speaking. However, greater attention is needed to enhance writing skills in order to achieve more balanced language skill improvement.

Perceptions Economics

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Analisis Pengendalian Persediaan Kelapa Pada UD. Santan Pak Firman di Pasar Modern Kota Selatpanjang

RAHMA AFIRA BIJRILIANI URSALY

2026•Skripsi, Thesis, Disertasi, dan Tugas Akhir

Pengendalian persediaan kebahan baku merupakan aspek penting dalam menjaga kelancaran proses produksi dan stabilitas harga produk. UD. Santan Pak Firman di Pasar Modern Kota Selatpanjang masih menghadapi permasalahan fluktuasi persediaan bahan baku kelapa yang menyebabkan terjadinya kelebihan dan kekurangan stok pada priode tertentu. Kondisi ini berdampak pada kelancaran produksi santan serta potensi peningkatan biaya persediaan. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis system pengendalian persediaan bahan baku kelapa serta menentukan jumlah pemesanan yang optimal agar pengelola persediaan dapat dilakukan secara lebih efisien. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Data diperoleh melalui observasi langsung, wawancara dengan pemilik usaha, dan dokumentasi persediaan serta biaya yang dikeluarkan selama priode September 2024 hingga agustus 2025. Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini meliputi Economic Order Quantity (EOQ), Safety Stock (SS), Reorder Point (ROP), dan Total Inventory Cost (TIC) Untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas pengendalian persediaan bahan baku kelapa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem pengendalian persediaan yang diterapkan oleh UD. Santan Pak Firman Masih Bersifat Konvensional dan Belum Optimal. Berdasarkan perhitungan EOQ, jumlah pemesanan bahan baku kelapa yang optimal Adalah 207 butir per pesanan, dengan persediaan pengaman sebesar 754 butir dan titik pemesanan Kembali pada Tingkat persediaan 837 butir. Penerapan metode tersebut dapat meningkatkan efisiensi pengendalian persediaan, menekan biaya persediaan, serta menjaga kelancaran produksi dan stabilitas harga santan.

pengendalian Persediaan Economic Order Quantity Safety Stock Reorder Point Total Inventory Cost

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Analisis Program Pembiayaan Syariah Pinjaman Utsman Dalam Pemberdayaan Ekonomi Masyarakat Kota Bukittinggi (Studi Kasus Para Pelaku Usaha Kecil)

NANDIRA ULFA DITA MAHARANI

2025•Skripsi, Thesis, Disertasi, dan Tugas Akhir

The thesis entitled "Analysis of the Utsman Loan Sharia Financing Program in Community Economic Empowerment in Bukittinggi City (Case Study of Small Business Actors)" was written by Nandira Ulfa Dita Maharani NIM 3221090, Islamic Economics Study Program, Faculty of Islamic Economics and Business, State Islamic University (UIN) Sjech M. Djamil Djambek Bukittinggi. The Utsman Loan Program organized by the Jam Gadang Bukittinggi Sharia People's Financing Bank (BPRS) aims to help small business actors through an interest-free financing scheme. However, in its implementation, this program faces a number of obstacles, such as administrative requirements that are considered burdensome, thus slowing down the disbursement of funds, high levels of late installment payments due to low financial literacy, and unethical practices such as the use of business documents belonging to other parties to meet loan requirements. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the Utsman Loan Program in empowering the community's economy and identifying the challenges faced in its implementation. The method used is qualitative descriptive research with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis was carried out using the Miles and Huberman model which includes data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study indicate that this program provides benefits in increasing access to capital for small business actors, but in empowering this program in the economy of the Bukittinggi City community, it has not been fully optimal. The long disbursement process, late payments, and misuse of business documents are the main inhibiting factors. Therefore, it is necessary to simplify the administration system, provide financial education for business actors to improve payment discipline, and provide stricter supervision to ensure compliance with applicable provisions.

Sharia Financing Utsman Loans Economic Empowerment Small Business Actors BPRS Jam Gadang.

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Analisis Manajemen Persediaan (Inventory Management) Untuk Meningkatkan Volume Penjualan Pada Toko Sayur Putra Kubis, Aur Kuning, Kota Bukittinggi

JEFRI HANDIKA SAPUTRA

2025•Skripsi, Thesis, Disertasi, dan Tugas Akhir

Skripsi ini ditulis karena adanya temuan masalah pada Toko Sayur Putra Kubis, Aur Kuning, Kota Bukittinggi dalam konteks pengelolaan persediaan. Pengelolaan persediaan yang dilakukan Toko Sayur Putra Kubis dinilai tidak efektif dan efisien karena sering terjadi kelebihan persediaan kol yang tidak wajar serta kebutuhan pelanggan yang tidak terpenuhi secara maksimal. penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan alternatif pengelolaan persediaan yang lebih efektif dan efisien pada Toko Sayur Putra Kubis, sehingga efektivitas dan efesiensi dapat ditingkatkan.Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif deskriptif. Penelitian ini memanfaatkan data dari hasil observasi, wawancara, dan dokumen internal toko seperti data penjualan, persediaan masuk, dan sebagainya untuk mendapatkan hasil penelitian. Dengan menggunakan beberapa metode persediaan seperti Economic Order Quantity (EOQ), Safety Stock, dan Reorder Point (ROP) maka efesiensi dan efektivitas pengelolaan persediaan kol di toko sayur putra kubis dapat di ukur. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa Penerapan metode Economic Order Quantity (EOQ), Safety Stock, Reorder Point terbukti dapat membantu toko sayur putra kubis untuk meningkatkan efesiensi dan efektivitas. Penerapan metode Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) pada persediaan kol di Toko Sayur Putra Kubis dapat menghemat biaya senilai Rp. 675.593,- pada bulan Maret dan senilai Rp.254.229,- pada bulan April. Selain itu Safety Stock dan Reorder Point dapat memastikan Toko Sayur Putra Kubis tidak kehabisan persediaan sebelum persediaan kol berikutnya dipasok kembali, sehingga kebutuhan pelanggan dapat terpenuhi secara maksimal dan dapat menjaga volume penjualan agar tidak mengalami penurunan

Manajemen Persediaan Economic Order Quantity Safety Stock Reorder Point

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Analisis pengendalian persediaan bahan baku keju Mozarella dengan metode economic order quantity (studi kasus keju lasi jorong lasi tuo kecamatan canduang kabupaten agam)

NUR AMELIA ZAHARA

2025•Skripsi, Thesis, Disertasi, dan Tugas Akhir

Skripsi ini berjudul “Analisis Pengendalian Persediaan Bahan Baku Keju Mozarella Dengan Metode Economic Order Quantity (Studi Kasus Keju Lasi Jorong Lasi Tuo Kecamatan Canduang Kabupaten Agam)” disusun oleh Nur Amelia Zahara Nim 3721072 Jurusan Manajemen Bisnis Syariah Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Islam (FEBI) Universitas Islam Negeri Sjech M Djamil Djambek Bukittinggi. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi adanya permasalahan terkait pengelolaan persediaan bahan baku di keju lasi yang mengakibatkan terhentinya proses produksi keju mozarella dan tidak terpenuhinya permintaan dari konsumen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa efektif penerapan Economic Order Quantity dalam pengendalian persediaan bahan baku keju mozarella. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif. Penelitian ini memanfaatkan sumber data dari hasil observasi, wawancara, dan dokumen internal perusahaan untuk mendapatkan hasil penelitian. Analisis data menggunakan Metode Economic Order Quantity. Dari hasil penelitian yang dilakukan di Keju Lasi Jorong Lasi Tuo Kecamatan Canduang Kabupaten Agam terbukti dengan menerapkan metode Economic Order Quantity dalam pembelian bahan baku dapat menghemat biaya persediaan. Dari hasil analisis, penerapan metode Economic Order Quantity dapat mengurangi biaya yang dikeluarkan oleh Keju Lasi sebesar Rp. 298.348,106 atau sekitar 54% dari kebijakan yang di terapkan oleh keju lasi.

Kata kunci : Persediaan bahan baku Metode Economic Order Quantity

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Economic Growth and Environmental Degradation in Indonesia: The Roles of Investment, Inflation, Income Inequality, Fossil Consumption, and Poverty

Sabri , Hasdi Aimon , Syamsul Amar

2024•Artikel Penelitian dan Pengabdian

This research aims to examine the relationship between economic growth and environmental degradation in Indonesia during the 1984-2022 period by using a simultaneous equation approach. Furthermore, this study considers several determinants, which consist of investment, inflation, income inequality, fossil consumption and poverty. This relationship is worth studying, especially in relation to Indonesia because Indonesia is one of the developing countries that is trying to achieve sustainable development as agreed in the sustainable development goals. The findings of this study include economic growth affecting environmental degradation by 1.15 percent and environmental degradation affecting economic growth by 2.41 percent. Furthermore, economic growth was strengthened by investment and weakened by inflation and income inequality. Then, environmental degradation is reinforced by income inequality, consumption of fuel oil and poverty. This study recommends that the government implement a sustainable development policy with the principle of meeting the needs of the present without sacrificing meeting the needs of future generations.

economic growth environmental degradation simultaneous equation model

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