The Application of Questioning Strategy in Pre-Reading Activities on Teaching Reading Comprehension at the Eighth Grade of SMP Negeri 1 Rao Utara, Kabupaten Pasaman
ABSTRACT Ezi Rahmi, Nim 2311.054. “The Application of Questioning Strategy in Pre-reading Activities in Teaching Reading Comprehension at the Eighth Grade in SMP NEGERI 1 Rao Utara, Kabupaten Pasaman” A Thesis, State Islamic Institude (IAIN) Bukittinggi. The research was done because the researcher found that students have some problems in reading comprehension. Based on the observation, the English teacher at the Eighth Grade in SMP NEGERI 1 Rao Utara, Kecamatan Rao, Kabupaten Pasamanhad applied the questioning strategy in pre-reading activity. However, the students’ understanding is still low, even though the theory said that applying the questioning strategy can improve students’ understanding in reading. Hence, the research was done to analyze the applying of questioning strategy in pre-reading activities by the English teacher on teaching reading comprehension at the eighth grade in SMP NEGERI 1 Rao Utara, Kecamatan Rao, Kabupaten Pasaman. Setting of this research was descriptive qualitative research. The data was collected by doing observation and interview. The English teacher who teaches at the eighth grade was the key informant. Besides, six students from the eighth grade students were chosen by using snowball sampling technique as the supporting informants. The observation sheet and interview guide were arranged based on the research indicators in applying the questioning strategy. Those indicators were gotten from the theory and formulated into the research indicatorsof applying questioning strategy in pre-reading activities in teaching reading comprehension. The data were analyzed by using flow model Miles and Huberman (reduction data, display data and verification). Each indicators from observation and interview result were analyzed and interpreted in well language. The research result found that the teacher used five steps in applying questioning strategy. Those are (1) Asking question to the students, (2) Pausing, (3) Call the students by name to answer the question, (4) listened to the students’ answer, (5) Emphasizing to the correct answer. Moreover, the teacher used five from seven characteristics of good question in pre-reading activities, those are: (1) The sentences is short and clear, (2) The purpose is clear or not too general, (3) Each question focus on one problem, (4) The language is familiar for the students, (5) Is does not implied double interpretation. Furthermore, the purpose of applying questioning strategy in pre-reading activities can be felt by the students. The students say that they can comprehend the reading material better when the teacher applies this strategy. The question type used by the teacher in pre-reading activity. Those are (1) Display Question and (2) Referential Question. From the analysis result, it can be concluded that the teacher applied five steps of questioning strategy in pre-reading activities on teaching reading comprehension and in pre-reading activity teacher used display question and referential question. Key words : Questioning Strategy, Pre-reading and Reading Comprehension ABSTRAK Ezi Rahmi, Nim 2311.054, Judul Skripsi “Penerapan Strategi Bertanya Pada Kegiatan Pre-Reading DalamPengajaran Reading di Kelas Delapan di SMP NEGERI 1 Rao Utara, Kabupaten Pasaman”, Program Study Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris Fakultas Tarbiyah dan Ilmu Kependidikan IAIN Bukittinggi. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh beberapa permasalahan siswa dalam pembelajaran reading. Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan, peneliti menemukan bahwa guru telah menerapkan strategi bertanya dalam kegiatan pre-reading. Namun pemahaman siswa terhadap materi reading masih kurang, meskipun teori menyebutkan bahwa strategi bertanya dapat meningkatkan kemampuan siswa dalam memahami materi. Oleh karena itu, peneliti melaksanakan penelitian di SMP NEGERI 1 Rao Utara, Kecamatan Rao, Kabupaten Pasaman untuk menganalisis penerapan strategi bertanya dalam kegiatan pre-reading oleh guru bahasa inggris dalam mengajar reading. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan melakukan observasi dan wawancara. Informan kunci pada penelitian ini adalah guru bahasa Inggris yang mengajar dikelas 8. Disamping itu, 6 orang siswa dari kelas 8 yang dipilih dengan menggunkan teknik snowball sampling menjadi informan pendukung dalam memperoleh data. Lembaran observasi dan wawancara disusun berdasarkan indikator dalam pengaplikasian strategi bertanya dalam kegiatan pre-reading. Indikator- indikator tersebut diperoleh dari berbagai teori diformulasikan menjadi indikator penelitian. Dengan menggunakan metode analisa data Miles dan Huberman (reduksi data, display data dan penarikan kesimpulan), tiap-tiap indikator hasil penelitian dari observasi dan wawancara dianalisis dan di interpretasikan. Berdasarkan data dari lapangan ditemukan bahwa dalam menerapkan strategi bertanya dalam kegiatan pre-reading, guru menggunakan lima langkah, yaitu (1) Guru memberrikan pertanyaan kepada semua siswa, (2) Guru memberikan waktu untuk memikirkan jawaban dari pertanyaan guru, (3) Guru menunjuk siswa tertentu untuk menjawab pertanyaan yang diajukan, (4) guru mendengarkan jawaban yang diberikan oleh siswa, (5) Guru memberikan penekanan pada setiap jawaban yang diberikan siswa. Disamping itu, guru menggunakan lima dari tujuh ciri-ciri pertanyaan yang baik, yaitu (1) Pertanyaan singkat dan jelas, (2) Tujuan pertanyaan jelas, (3) Pertanyaan focus pada satu masalah, (4) Bahasanya dikenal oleh siswa,(5) Pertanyaanya tidak mengandung tafsiran ganda. Kemudian, tujuan dari pengaplikasian strategi bertanya dalam kegiatan pre-reading ini dapat dirasakan oleh para siswa sehingga mereka menjadi lebih mudah dalam memahami materi yang diberikan guru dalam pengajaran reading.Jenis pertanyaan yang digunakan guru dalam kegiatan pre-reading yaitu (1) Display Question, (2) Referential Question.Berdasarkan hasil analisis dapat disimpulkan bahwa guru menerapkan lima strategi bertanya pada kegiatan pre-reading dalam pengajaran reading dan dalam kegiatan pre-reading guru menggunakan Display Question dan Referential Question. Kata kunci: Strategi bertanya, Pre-Reading dan pemahaman membaca.